Claek cttppet



(No Model.) y i 2 Shets-Sheet 2.

' C. GUPPET.

' Surveying Instrument.

No. 236,308. P-atented'lan. 4,1881.

'77 needy.:

MPETERS, PHDTD-LITHOGRAPHER, WASHINRTON. D C

yNirnn STATES Prien.

ATnNr SURVEYINGJNSTRUMENT.

SPECIFICA'IION forming part of Letters Patent No. 236,308, dated January4, 188.1.

` Application filed June 18,1880. (No tindex.)

To all whom 'it may concern:

Be it known that l, CLARK CUPPET, a citizen ofthe United States,residing at Glade Farms, in the county of Preston and State of WestVirginia,have invented certain new and useful Improvements inSurveying-Instruments5 and I do hereby declare the following to be afull, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enableothers skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use thesame, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to lettersor ligures of reference instrument in elevation, some portions beingYbroken away to better illustrate the positions of other parts.

The same letters of reference are used in all the figures in thedesignation of identical parts.

A is the base-plate of a frame, -composed of the parts A A' A' and A2A2, whichis adapted to be placed at a upon the ordinary tripod used bysurveyors for holding a compass and telescope. A' A' are slottedsegmental arms, bolted at their lower ends to the base-plate at b` andat their upper ends to inclined upright standards A2 A2. The standardsA2 A2, secured at their upper ends to the segmental arms, are bolted attheir lower ends to the baseplate A. The segmental arms A' A' have slotsc c extending nearly their entire length.

B is a movable segmental rack-bar provided with lugs d dd' d', whichproject from the opposite sides thereof and are adapted to slide in waysformed bv the slots c c.

C is a thumb-wheel'located upon the outer side of ,the arm or brace E,which is secured at one end to the rear segmental arm, A', and at theother end to the rear standard, A2. At-

tached to the arbor of wheel C, and located between the arms A' A', is apinion, C', meshing with the rack-bar B. To the inner end of the arborof the thumb-wheel, and within the dial-box F, is attached the driver ofan internaltoothed gearing, hereinafter described. The thumb-wheel isoperated to move the rackbar up and down between the segmental arms, andat the same time to move the train of toothed gearing in the dial-box.

D is a telescope such as ordinarily used in surveyinginstruments,provided internally with the usual cross-hairs or cobwebs.7 1t ispivoted at one end between the arms e, which are secured to thebase-plate A, and is at the opposite end secured to the rack-bar B bysuitable means. By this means the outer end of the telescope may beraised and low- ,ered to any point on the segmental arms in range withthe desired object.

F is a dial-box, the back of which is fixed to the front segmental arm,A', atff';

G, g, H, I, i, K, 7c, and J are respectively spur-wheels and pinions,forming a train of gearing in the inside of the dial-box F. G is themain wheel or driver, secured to the spindle of the thumb-wheel C, towhich spindle is also secured the pinion g. The pinion g imparts motionto the spur-wheel H, whose spindle projects through the face of thedial-box and carries the main index-linger H',for marking the degrees onthe large dial. The spurwheel or driver Gr meshes with and impartsmotion to the pinion t', whose spindle projectsthrough the face of thedial-box and carries the index-finger I', for marking the minutes on thedial I2. This index-finger I' makes an entire circuit of its dial whilethe index-finger H' is being moved one space on the large dial. In otherwords, the nger I' records sixty minutes for every degree (lo) thatisrecorded by the finger H'. The second finger J' is mounted on thespindle of the pinion J of the train of gearing, and makes one circuitof its dial J2 while the minute-linger I' is being moved to mark onedivision of its dial.`

Aspirit-level, P, is secured to the top of the telescope.

The operation of the instrument for measuring distances is as follows:After the bearings are found, in the usual` way, with the IOO compass,the instrument, which maybe termed an indicator, is placed on thetripod. In the norma-l condition ot' the instrument the tele scope islevel and the index-tingers ot' the rcspective dials point at zero.Having placed the statt' at any desired point distant from theinstrument, the open end of the telescope isl raised by turning thethumb-wheel C until the cross-hairs ot` the telescope are brought inrange with the top line ot' the statt". The han ds of the respectivedials will then indicate the degrees, minutes, and seconds passed over.and byrefercnce to an established table ot' distances with which thegraduations of the dials are arranged the exact distance from tripod tostaff may be ascertained. rlhus mayv the dimensions of the sides ot'triangles and other measurements of distances made in 0rdinarysurveying, and the results deduced therefrom, be quickly and easilydetermined. In measuring heights the staff should, foreonvenienee, beplaced either to the right or left of the object to be measured, and asnearly opposite as possible t0 its central perpendicular line. Thetelescope should tirst be raised to a certain anglesay 220 30. It isthen to be directed to the zero ot' the statt, then to the top line ofthe stati', and the measurement indicated by the dials noted. Thetelescope is then reversed and directed to the base of the object to bemeasured, and from that pointto the top line of the object, andthelatter measurement in (legrees,ini11utes, and seconds also noted.These respective measurements will form the first two terms ot' aproportion and l the length ot' the statt a third term, which, whenreduced, gives the desired height. For instance, it' the measurementofthe statt' is 2O 3U 15, the measurement from the base ot' object tothe top line ot' the object 2001530, and the length ofthe iiag-stais tenfeet, the following proportion is had: 2O 30 15 200 15 30 :z l() x, therequired height.

The operation ot' the instrument above described is moditied by thefollowing condition: \Vl1ere the Zero ot the statt' and the base ot' thedesired height are on a level the telescope need not be redirected tothe zero ot' sta` after the distance from the zero ot' the stai1 isobtained.

To facilitate the calculations I prefer to number the dials both fromright to left and from left to right, thus providing two sets ot'numbers for each dial.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secureby Letter Patent, is-

In a surveyors instrument for measuring heights and plane surfaces, thecombination of the slotted segmental arms, the rack-bar, and graduateddials with a telescope and level, constructed and operated substantiallyas described.

In testimony whereof I at'iix my signature in presence ot' twowitnesses.

CLARK G UPPET.

Vitnesses:

C. A. NEALE, F. L. OURAND.

aro

